MODELING GEOTECHNICAL SOIL LOSS AND EROSION DYNAMICS FOR CLIMATE-RESILIENT COASTAL ADAPTATION

Abstract

This study presents a comprehensive statistical analysis of geotechnical soil loss and erosion patterns with the aim of supporting climate adaptation strategies in vulnerable coastal zones. Soil erosion in coastal environments is a complex phenomenon governed by the interplay of geotechnical, hydrodynamic, climatic, spatial, and anthropogenic factors that collectively shape soil stability, erosion rates, and spatial distribution. To investigate these dynamics, the study systematically reviewed and synthesized findings from 132 peer-reviewed research papers published over the past two decades, integrating empirical evidence with quantitative modeling approaches. Key geotechnical parameters examined include particle size distribution, cohesion, shear strength, bulk density, permeability, organic matter content, salinity, and pH, all of which significantly influence the soil’s resistance to detachment and transport. Climatic drivers such as rainfall intensity and seasonal variability, along with hydrodynamic forces including wave power, tidal range, and storm surges, were found to critically shape erosion intensity and temporal variability. Spatial analysis revealed pronounced erosion hotspots in deltaic and estuarine regions, while temporal trends highlighted the disproportionate role of extreme weather events in accelerating soil loss. Anthropogenic activities, including urbanization, deforestation, land reclamation, and shoreline engineering, further intensified erosion by altering soil structure, hydrology, and sediment transport. Advanced statistical methods, including regression modeling, geostatistical analysis, and GIS-based spatial mapping, were employed to identify key predictors, quantify their relative influence, and produce predictive erosion-risk models. The findings underscore the necessity of integrated, data-driven approaches that incorporate soil management, ecosystem restoration, adaptive land-use planning, and engineering solutions to mitigate erosion and enhance coastal resilience. This study contributes to the growing body of knowledge on soil erosion by linking geotechnical properties with environmental forces and provides a scientific basis for informed decision-making in climate adaptation and sustainable coastal management.